Uloga kroma u metabolizmu – dijabetes tip II

About 50 years ago, the importance of trivalent chromium in maintaining normal metabolism was discovered. Since then, numerous studies have shown that chromium increases the action of insulin and thus has a positive effect on glucose metabolism.

Chromium is thought to enhance the binding of insulin to the receptors, thereby encouraging cells to receive glucose and use it for energy. Therefore, chromium plays a role in maintaining normal blood glucose levels.

Effect of chromium on blood lipids

In addition to the positive effect on glucose levels, a clinical study from 2011 showed that the intake of chromium in the form of a dietary supplement also has an effect on lipids in the blood.The results of a study in which 40 subjects diagnosed with type 2 diabetes took part showed that chromium intake for a period of 3 months, in the amount of 42 mcg per day, improved blood glucose values ​​and significantly lowered total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL cholesterol compared to placebo.

Results of recent studies

S obzirom da je krom siguran za primjenu u obliku dodatka prehrani, novije studije ispituju njegovo djelovanje ne samo na odraslima, već i na djeci s povišenom tjelesnom masom. U časopisu The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 2011. godine objavljena je studija kojoj je cilj bio utvrditi utjecaj unosa kroma u obliku dodatka prehrani na osjetljivost na inzulin i sastav tijela kod djece s prekomjernom tjelesnom masom. Rezultati su pokazali da je kod djece, koja su uz promjene prehrambenih navika i povećanje razine tjelesne aktivnosti uzimala krom (III) klorid u količini od 400mcg dnevno, nakon 6 tjedana došlo do značajnijeg sniženja masnog tkiva u tijelu i povećanja mišićne mase.

Pozitivan utjecaj unosa kroma u obliku dodatka prehrani na sniženje tjelesne mase u usporedbi s placebom pokazala je i metaanaliza 11 kliničkih studija objavljena 2013. godine u časopisu Obesity Reviews.

Literature:

1. Hua Y. Molecular Mechanisms of Chromium in Alleviating Insulin Resistance. J Nutr Biochem. 2012; 23(4):313-319.

2. Sharma S. Beneficial effect of chromium supplementation on glucose, HbA1C and lipid variables in individuals with newly onset type-2 diabetes. J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2011; 25(3):149-53.

3. Kim CW.Effects of short-term chromium supplementation on insulin sensitivity and body composition in overweight children: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Nutr Biochem. 2011; 22(11):1030-4.

4. Onakpoya I. Chromium supplementation in overweight and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Obes Rev. 2013; 14(6):496-507.